Bike training

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Would like to know what training/technique i would require to get faster on my bike? I have a 14 gear old Claude Butler and feel like its slowing me down compared to all the bikes i race against but dont want this to be an excuse!
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2) overgearing - ride your bike (road or turbo) in a gear too high (or two gears too high whatever) so you have to work harder. Builds strength
3) akin to 2... ride hills.
4) under-gearing - ride your bike (road or turbo) in a gear (or two) too low so you ride with a high cadence. Develops high leg speed.
Someone who knows what they are talking about will be along soon.
didds
check your bike actually "fits" you. (Google "bike fit").
didds
And
Hils Hills hills. When you have done them do some more. Hill repeats will make you stringer and faster on the flat1
Riding a 50/11 gearing at 80 rpm gives a theoretical speed of 45.8 kph, up the cadence to 120rpm and the speed jumps to 68.7kph.
I know you need the power to push the pedals, but you also need to turn at a high rpm to get the speed.
So heres the theries mashed together!
Hills will increase your power but you should also be training at some high cadence intervals. Thus creating a powerful crank turningstyle and an ability to change between cadence rpm to suit the needs of the race/envirmoent. Making you an all round better cyclisy.
Surely the laws of physics say power=forcexspeed. Force is applied strength and cadence is the speed component. Can increase power by working on either strength or cadence or indeed on both - strength development is ultimately limited by your genetics.
As has been said hills build strength. You also need to do speed and high cadence work so that you develop the neuromuscular pathways which in turn make you an efficient & effective racing cyclist delivering that power as high speed.
Remember "specificity" in training is vital. If you race flat you have to include flat training.
If you do build really strong muscular legs think how they would effect your swim & run times - compare the muscular leg development of Phil Graves with Ali Brownlee and their splits when they compete against each other. In tri you can't have it all which is part of the fun.
I was doing 2no spin classes a week, and after 6 or 7 sessions i was able to maintain a higher rate of speed over a longer distance. It really helped with the sprint finishes that invriably happened at the end of every clubrun as well.
The other plus point was that on the tuesday morning session i was the only bloke in a group of sixteen lycra clad ladies. Bonus